{"id":508,"date":"2021-08-27T18:09:17","date_gmt":"2021-08-27T14:09:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/?p=508"},"modified":"2021-08-30T17:41:01","modified_gmt":"2021-08-30T13:41:01","slug":"la-culture-de-larbre-a-pain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/?p=508","title":{"rendered":"La Culture de l\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"508\" class=\"elementor elementor-508\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f6f1db2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f6f1db2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d27036b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d27036b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-24c93a1\" data-id=\"24c93a1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-68489f0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"68489f0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ba1e066\" data-id=\"ba1e066\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bd9326 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1bd9326\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 18-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h4>Introduction<\/h4><p>L\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain appartient \u00e0 la famille des Morac\u00e9es et il est originaire des r\u00e9gions du Pacifique. La chair du fruit \u00e0 pain est tr\u00e8s riche en hydrate de carbone. Elle est aussi bien pourvue en fibre, min\u00e9raux tels que le potassium, magn\u00e9sium, calcium et en vitamines B et C. Le fruit \u00e0 pain est appel\u00e9 \u00e0 jouer un r\u00f4le important pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2683faf\" data-id=\"2683faf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-065b384 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"065b384\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 18-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"898\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Breadfruit1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-513\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Breadfruit1.png 898w, https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Breadfruit1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Breadfruit1-768x385.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 898px) 100vw, 898px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f82085 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f82085\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b903e2\" data-id=\"1b903e2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-217199e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"217199e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Climat et Sol<\/h4><p>L\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain est tr\u00e8s adapt\u00e9 aux r\u00e9gions chaudes et humides. Les meilleurs rendements sont obtenus dans les r\u00e9gions bien ensoleill\u00e9es du littoral. L\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain pr\u00e9f\u00e8re un sol l\u00e9ger qui draine bien et qui a un pH variant de 6.1 \u00e0 7.4.<\/p><h4>Propagation<\/h4><p>La multiplication de plants peut se faire de diff\u00e9rentes fa\u00e7ons : drageons naturels des racines (root suckers), bouturage des racines (root cuttings), marcottage (provin), greffe en utilisant le rima (breadnut tree) comme porte greffe ou par culture in-vitro.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1afed89 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1afed89\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c8a75c0\" data-id=\"c8a75c0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92d3fe4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"92d3fe4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"567\" height=\"378\" src=\"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/breadfruit2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-527\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/breadfruit2.png 567w, https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/breadfruit2-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 567px) 100vw, 567px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e53854\" data-id=\"5e53854\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02bea09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"02bea09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Plantation<\/h4><p>L\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain est plant\u00e9 \u00e0 un \u00e9cartement de 8 m x 8 m dans des foss\u00e9s de 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm.<\/p><h4>Fertilisation<\/h4><p>L\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain pousse assez bien sans apport de fertilisants. Avec un apport de compost ou de fumier pendant la p\u00e9riode de floraison, on peut produire des fruits du type \u2018BIO\u2019. En cas de croissance r\u00e9duite ou de baisse de production, une application d\u2019un engrais complet tel que le 13:13:20:2 est recommand\u00e9e au taux de 2 kg par arbre au mois de septembre.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false true\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a722a5d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a722a5d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-87996d4\" data-id=\"87996d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33b9670 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33b9670\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Irrigation<\/h4><p>L\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain est arros\u00e9 copieusement pendant le premier mois de plantation et r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement par la suite, pendant le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019arbre et surtout pendant la p\u00e9riode de grossissement des fruits.<\/p><h4>Soins culturaux<\/h4><p>Apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9colte, il faut supprimer les branches s\u00e8ches et les branches qui poussent vigoureusement dans la partie haute de la canop\u00e9e. Les branches, les inflorescences et les fruits de l\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain sont facilement endommag\u00e9s par les vents forts et les cyclones. Apr\u00e8s un cyclone, les branches ab\u00eem\u00e9es doivent \u00eatre \u00e9limin\u00e9es pour \u00e9viter l\u2019attaque des ravageurs.<\/p><h4>Ravageurs et maladies<\/h4><p>Les escargots sont friands des jeunes pousses. Eviter les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts sur les jeunes plants en les prot\u00e9geant avec un app\u00e2t de Metaldehyde (Meta pellets). Les arbres sous stress (s\u00e9cheresse et d\u00e9g\u00e2ts de cyclones) sont vuln\u00e9rables aux attaques du Violon du Manguier (Batocera rufomaculata). Contacter un agent de vulgarisation pour l\u2019identification et les mesures de contr\u00f4le. L\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement peu sensible aux maladies.<\/p><h4>Rendement<\/h4><p>Un arbre \u00e0 pain commence \u00e0 produire trois \u00e0 six ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la plantation. A l\u2019\u00e2ge adulte, l\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain produit en moyenne 200 kg de fruits. Le rendement \u00e0 l\u2019hectare varie de 16 \u00e0 32 tonnes. La p\u00e9riode de r\u00e9colte dure de novembre \u00e0 mai.<\/p><h4>Consommation<\/h4><p>Le fruit \u00e0 pain est r\u00e9colt\u00e9 en coupant le p\u00e9doncule avec un s\u00e9cateur quand le fruit est mature (apparition de latex sur la surface qui perd sa rugosit\u00e9) et ferme. Il est consomm\u00e9 cuit, bouilli ou frit et peut aussi \u00eatre transform\u00e9 en farine et ainsi utilis\u00e9 pour remplacer partiellement la farine de bl\u00e9. Le fruit \u00e0 pain peut substituer ou compl\u00e9menter la pomme de terre dans la pr\u00e9paration de produits innovants tels que frites, soupe, pur\u00e9e, nourriture pour b\u00e9b\u00e9, etc.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019arbre \u00e0 pain appartient \u00e0 la famille des Morac\u00e9es et il est originaire des r\u00e9gions du Pacifique. La chair du fruit \u00e0 pain est tr\u00e8s riche en hydrate de carbone. Elle est aussi bien pourvue en fibre, min\u00e9raux tels que le potassium, magn\u00e9sium, calcium et en vitamines B et C. Le fruit \u00e0 pain est appel\u00e9 \u00e0 jouer un r\u00f4le important pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":513,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"content-boxed-container","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"disabled","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-508","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cropleaflet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=508"}],"version-history":[{"count":38,"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/508\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":552,"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/508\/revisions\/552"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/farei.mu\/farei2021\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}